What are the components of a manure suction truck?

Manure suction truck is mainly composed of: a tank body, vacuum pump, power take-off, four-way valve, water-gas separator, oil-gas separator, oil return tank, boom, and locking mechanism.

1. Tank
The tank body is the main body of the dung truck, and the top of the tank is provided with air holes and suction and discharge holes. The air hole communicated with the water-air separator is the channel for air to enter and exit the tank. The inlet hole is usually sealed and can be opened during maintenance, and the suction and discharge holes are connected to the suction pipe and the lower part of the siphon.

There are walking boxes in the middle of both sides of the tank body, which are usually used to place the fecal suction hose and stand during maintenance. The tank body is equipped with an anti-sway plate to reduce the damage to the tank body and its frame connection due to the violent sloshing impact of the liquid caused by the vehicle running. The front head is equipped with an observation measuring tube, which is convenient for monitoring the loading capacity and preventing overloading. There is a cleaning hole at the bottom, which is usually sealed. When cleaning the tank, the cleaning hole cover can be opened to allow the sewage to flow out by itself.

The tank body is mounted on the frame in a rigid connection mode, and a buffer pad is arranged between the two, which can reduce the damage to the tank body caused by the vibration of the vehicle.

Since the fecal suction hose is always immersed in the liquid surface, after the air in the tank is sucked, it becomes thinner and thinner because it cannot be replenished, so that the pressure in the tank is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the fecal liquid is under the action of compressed air. , and discharge the tank body through the fecal suction hose.

2. Vacuum pump
The vacuum pump of the fecal suction truck is the key component on the fecal suction truck. It mainly cooperates with the power take-off, the three-way four-position valve, etc. to achieve vacuuming and pressurization in the tank.

At present, single-stage rotary oil-sealed vacuum pumps are commonly used in manure suction trucks. The ideal working pressure is 200PA–8500PA. It has the characteristics of easy installation, high vacuum degree and high efficiency.

The vacuum pump is mainly composed of the pump body, the rotor and its components, the pump casing, the rotary vane, the slip ring, the bearing cover and the sealing device.

Its working principle is that the eccentric rotor works under the drive of the power take-off, and sucks the tank into the compression chamber. When the pressure exceeds the specified value of the exhaust port, the compression chamber automatically opens and the compressed air is discharged, so that the air inside the tank is drawn out. Repeated cycle, a vacuum is formed inside the tank.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the vacuum pump and avoid pollution, an oil and gas separator and a water and gas separator are also installed to filter the water vapor and oil and gas in the compressed gas during the production of the fecal suction truck.

3. PTO
The operation of the vacuum pump of the manure suction truck relies on the power of the engine to rotate through the power take-off and the transmission shaft. The power take-off is installed on the right side of the transmission, and the upper part of the operating handle is located on the middle plate of the cab.

This power take-off consists of an input gear, an input shaft, an intermediate gear, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft, an output gear, a fork shaft, a fork, etc., and an operating handle.

The input gear and the transmission output gear are constant mesh pairs. Before starting the vacuum pump, set the transmission output gear to a constant mesh pair. Before starting the vacuum pump, put the transmission into neutral, then start the engine, disengage the clutch, and turn on the power take-off switch. At this time, the fork shaft moves forward, and the fork drives the output gear on the output shaft, slips and meshes with the intermediate gear. The output shaft is transmitted to the input gear by the spline and the output gear, the intermediate gear is transmitted to the output gear, and is transmitted to the transmission shaft by the output coupling. This drives the vacuum pump to rotate.

4. Four-way valve
The vacuum pump can only be rotated counterclockwise (facing the front of the car), and a four-way valve is required to draw in air from the container or to discharge air into the container.

The four-way valve communicates with the atmosphere of the container, the vacuum pump and the return tank respectively. There is a baffle in the four-way valve. Change the suction direction of the vacuum pump, and when the four-way valve connects the container with the vacuum pump, the dung truck starts to discharge.

5. Water and gas separator
The water-gas separator is located on the front top of the container, and the back is open to the container. Its interior is provided with an air pipe, and rectangular holes are opened on both sides of the pipe for air to enter and exit the container.

During the suction operation, the air in the container comes out of the rectangular hole, the volume suddenly expands, the flow rate decreases, and the number of heavy water molecules decreases, which can reduce the damage to the lubricating oil and parts.

6. Oil and gas separator
The compressed air discharged from the vacuum pump has a high speed, and when it breaks through the oil film layer, it carries a large number of oil droplets. In order to reduce oil consumption and prevent pollution, an oil and gas separator is installed. The oil and gas separation is located in the right middle part of the dung truck frame, connected to the vacuum pump in the front, and back to the fuel tank in the rear.

There is an oil blocking pipe in the oil and gas separation. When the compressed air enters, its volume suddenly expands, the flow rate decreases, the flow direction changes, and flows out through the porous oil retaining pipe. Due to the decrease in the flow rate of the oil and gas molecules, the impact on the wall of the device and the hole wall is intensified, and part of the heavy oil molecules are immediately attached. On the container wall, the condensation button-shaped oil droplets flow into the return tank along the container wall and the oil spill pipe, and the compressed air after primary purification flows to the top of the return tank.

7. Return to the fuel tank
The oil return tank is located in the middle right of the frame, the oil and gas separator is connected to the left, and the four-way valve is connected to the right.

There is an oil blocking net in the oil return tank, and the inlet and outlet are not connected. At this time, the compressed air flowing from the oil and gas separator must pass through multiple obstacles before it can be discharged to the four-way valve. Because the volume of the oil return tank suddenly doubles, the air flow rate is obvious. In addition, the compressed air must pass through multiple obstacles to be discharged to the four-way valve. Due to the sudden increase in the volume of the return tank, the air flow rate is significantly reduced. The oil molecules in the oil intensify the collision, attach to the inner wall and the mesh surface, and then flow into the bottom, and the compressed air that has been purified again flows to the four-way valve.

There is a straight-through cock under the oil return tank, which can control the lubricating oil blade supplied to the vacuum pump.

8. Boom
The boom is located at the top of the back of the container. It consists of boom seat, connecting pipe counterweight, support frame and other parts. The front is connected to the manure suction hose, and the rear is connected to the siphon. The boom seat can run, and the boom can be rotated more than 270 degrees.

Due to the setting of the counterweight, it can withstand the labor intensity of the manure suction pipe. The connecting pipes at both ends of the support pipe have an angle of 90, and the outer diameter of the bending is provided with holes for cleaning pottery, which are usually sealed. When the straw is blocked, you can open the pottery hole cover to remove the blockage.

9. Locking mechanism
The locking mechanism is mainly composed of a fixing device, and its function is to ensure the sealing of the cleaning hole cover. The fixing device is located under the right middle part of the frame, and is mainly composed of an operating rod, a locking pin, a positioning plate, etc., and the two are connected by a tie rod, a threaded fork joint, etc.

When the operating lever moves backward, the lever moves forward, and the rotating shaft drives the plate arm to swing counterclockwise, so that the cleaning hole cover tightly blocks the cleaning hole to achieve the purpose of sealing. The operating rod is provided with a locking pin, a spring, a pull rod and a handle.

When the joystick moves backwards and the locking lock slides into the positioning groove along the outer ring of the positioning plate, it is pushed into the positioning groove by the spring at its rear end. Since the five sides of the locking pin are constrained, it cannot be ejected. The positioning groove can ensure that the rod does not pop out. Due to the vibration and bumps during driving, it is then weighed to realize the tight function.